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Wunuwun [Djiwal], Jack
(b Arnhem Land, 1930; d Arnhem Land, 31 Dec 1990). Australian Aboriginal painter. He was the ceremonial leader of his clan, the Murrungun Djinang. He saw his art as a means to bridge the cultural gaps between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians. While he worked within the parameters of the pictorial styles of central Arnhem Land, he was also an innovator, experimenting with various techniques. Wunuwun became disenchanted with market demands for individual bark paintings: the epic dramas of Murrungun Djinang cosmology were too panoramic in scope to be captured on a single sheet of bark, and he increasingly painted in series and occasionally used canvas. His work is characterized by finely drawn naturalistic images, although it relies heavily on conventional symbolism and clan designs. His major works include Banumbirr, the Morning Star (natural pigment on canvas, 1987; Canberra, N.G.), a comprehensive statement on the relationships between the seasons, human and spiritual life and the individual. In 1988 Wunuwun undertook his most ambitious project, the series Banumbirr Manikay (Perth, W. Australia, Robert Holmes à Court Col.), comprising thirty bark paintings and one canvas relating to the Morning Star song cycle. Other later series included the diptych In the Beginning of Time (bark, 1990; Canberra, N.G.).
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