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Wouwerman [Wouwermans], Philips [Philippus]
(b Haarlem, bapt 24 May 1619; d Haarlem, 19 May 1668). Dutch painter and draughtsman. He was the eldest son of the painter Paulus [Pauwels] Joostens Wouwerman of Alkmaar (d 28 Sept 1642), whose two other sons, Pieter Wouwerman (1623–82) and Johannes Wouwerman (1629–66), also became painters. Philips probably received his first painting lessons from his father, none of whose work has been identified. According to Cornelis de Bie, Wouwerman was next apprenticed to Frans Hals, although no trace of Hals’s influence is discernible in Wouwerman’s work. Wouwerman is also reputed to have spent several weeks in 1638 or 1639 working in Hamburg in the studio of the German history painter Evert Decker (d 1647). While in Hamburg, he married Annetje Pietersz. van Broeckhof. On 4 September 1640 Wouwerman joined the Guild of St Luke in Haarlem, in which in 1646 he held the office of vinder (agent or ‘finder’). Given the many southern elements in his landscapes, it has repeatedly been suggested that Wouwerman must have travelled to France or Italy, but there is no documentary evidence that he left his native Haarlem for more than short periods. During his lifetime he must have attained a certain degree of prosperity, as demonstrated by the relatively large sums inherited by each of his seven children after his wife’s death in 1670. However, there is no confirmation for Houbraken’s statement that Wouwerman’s daughter Ludovica took with her a dowry of 20,000 guilders when she married the painter Hendrik de Fromantiou (1633/4–after 1694) in 1672.
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- Wouwerman, Philips
- Haarlem, §2(ii): Artistic community
- collaboration
- patrons and collectors
- Holstein-Gottorp: (1) Louisa Ulrica, Queen of Sweden
- Randon de Boisset, Paul
- Arenberg, Auguste-Marie-Raymond, 6th Duke of
- Aved, Jacques(-André-Joseph)
- Boyle, Richard, 3rd Earl of Burlington and 4th Earl of Cork
- Braamcamp, Gerrit
- Brukenthal, Samuel, Baron von
- Catherine II, Empress of Russia (reg 1762-96)
- Choiseul, Etienne-François, Duc de
- Choiseul-(Beaupré-)Gouffier, Marie-Gabriel(-Florent-Auguste), Comte de
- Conti, Louis-François de Bourbon, Prince de (1717-76)
- Faesch, Johann Jakob
- Gildemeester, Jan (Jansz.) (1744-99)
- Goll van Franckenstein, Pieter Hendrik
- Josephine, Empress of the French (1763-1814)
- Jullienne, Jean de
- La Roque, Antoine de
- Lowther, William, 1st Earl of Lonsdale
- Maitland, John, 2nd Earl and 1st Duke of Lauderdale
- Napoleon III, Emperor of France (reg 1852-70)
- Potocki, Wincenty
- Seymour-Conway, Francis Charles, 3rd Marquess of Hertford
- Verrue, Jeanne-Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes, Comtesse de
- William VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (reg 1751-60)
- Yusupov, Nikolay (Borisovich), Prince (1751-1831)
- pupils
- reproductions in porcelain
- reproductive prints by others
- teachers
- works
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