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Wichman, Erich
(b Utrecht, 11 Aug 1890; d Amsterdam, 1 Jan 1929). Dutch painter and printmaker. He studied in Germany (1904–7) and from 1909 read chemistry and history of art at the University of Utrecht. He also took painting lessons with A. van Krefeld. Between 1914 and 1921 he worked in Amsterdam as a painter, writer and critic. In 1913 he exhibited his first abstract paintings, in which Futurist and Expressionist influences, and in particular that of Vasily Kandinsky, can be seen. As well as paintings, murals, watercolours and drawings he produced etchings, engravings and lithographs. He also made jewellery boxes in silver and enamel and masks in bronze and silver, all in an Expressionist style. At the same time he published in Der Sturm magazine. He contributed to the Erste Deutsche Herbstsalon in Berlin (1913) and to the Salon des Indépendants in Paris (1914). From 1915 he made caricatures. With Theo van Doesburg in 1916 he was a founder-member of De Anderen. The magazine De Stijl invited him to contribute in 1917, but later, in 1919, he dissociated himself from it. Between 1921 and 1924 he travelled to Paris, Vienna, Berlin, Munich and Italy. He returned an admirer of Benito Mussolini and set up an anarcho-fascist party. From 1927 he worked for the fascist publication De Bezem. In 1925 he made some stained-glass windows for the Dutch pavilion at the Exposition internationale des arts décoratifs et industriels modernes in Paris.
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