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Vieira Portuense [Vieira ‘o Portuense’], Francisco
(b Oporto, 13 May 1765; d Funchal, Madeira, 2 May 1805). Portuguese painter. He was the son of the painter Domingos Francisco Vieira (d 1804), with whom he attended the Oporto studio of the French artist Jean Pillement. He moved to Lisbon in 1787 to take drawing lessons and two years later left for Rome, on a bursary from a group of mainly British merchants from Oporto. In Rome he studied with Domenico Corvi, became a member of the Accademia di S Luca and in 1791 set up his own studio, receiving the patronage of the Portuguese ambassador, João de Almeida e Mello e Castro, and Alexandre de Sousa Holstein, father of the 1st Duque de Palmela. The canvases he returned to Portugal, for instance St John the Baptist (1791; Oporto, N. Mus. Soares dos Reis) and St Augustine, St Ambrose, St Jerome and St Gregory (1792–3; Faro, Museu Mun.), show the influence of Corvi. At this time Vieira developed a rapid, synthesizing draughtsmanship while copying or drawing from nature, though the invention of figures caused him greater difficulty (sketchbooks, Lisbon, Mus. N. A. Ant.). In Italy he also began to study classical composition, as exemplified in the work of Poussin and the Carracci. His painting was subsequently characterized by the submission of colour to line.
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