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Uemura, Shoen
(b Kyoto, 23 April 1875; d Nara Prefect., 27 Aug 1949). Japanese painter. In 1887 she entered the Kyoto Prefectural Art School and studied under Shonen Suzuki, but in 1888 she left the school and studied the techniques of Japanese-style painting (Nihonga; see JAPAN, §VI, 5(iii)) in the works of Shonen Suzuki, Bairei Kono and Seiho Takeuchi. In 1907 she exhibited powerful works at the first Bunten, the Ministry of Education exhibition, where she later exhibited annually and won a number of prizes. As a painter of bijin (‘beautiful women’), Uemura’s works were important in establishing a modern, refined style that broke away from the popular images of bijin established by ukiyoe (‘pictures of the floating world’) and was based on the realistic techniques of the Maruyama–Shijo school (see JAPAN, §VI, 4(iv)(b) and (vii)). Among her most important works is Mother and Child (1934; Tokyo, N. Mus. Mod. A.). In 1941 she became a member of the Imperial Art Academy, and in 1948 she was the first woman to receive the Order of Cultural Merit.
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