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Tuscher [Discher; Tischer; Tüscher; Tyscher], (Carl) Marcus
(b Nuremberg, 30 March 1705; d Copenhagen, 6 Jan 1751). German architect, painter, illustrator and engraver. The illegitimate child of a braidmaker, he spent some years in the Nuremberg orphanage before being apprenticed to the director of the academy of drawing and painting, Johann Daniel Preissler. Among his early works are Views of the Orphanage in Nuremberg (1723–6; Nuremberg, Stadtbib.) and a plan with elevation, section and groundplan of the Orphanage (1727; Nuremberg, Nmus.). In 1728 the city council financed his study tour to Rome, where he was introduced to the art collector Philipp von Stosch by his former fellow pupil Johann Justin Preissler. Tuscher prepared a series of drawings for a work on Stosch’s gemstones, Description des pierres gravées du feu Baron de Stosch (Florence, 1760) by Johann Joachim Winckelmann, and drew his medal collection. He also produced drawings of various monuments in Florence and Tuscany, views of newly discovered antiquities and pictures of historic festive decorations. On Stosch’s recommendation Tuscher was commissioned by Cardinal Melchior de Polignac, France’s ambassador at the papal court, to record in gouache ‘the great fireworks on the Piazza Navona’ celebrating the birth of the Dauphin in 1729. Tuscher also addressed various architectonic problems, resulting in his Abecadario dell’architettura civile ... coll’aggiunta d’un saggio d’un ordine nuovello ... (1743), containing drawings of buildings in the so-called ‘Noric’ order and architectural designs in a variety of styles. In 1741 he visited several Italian cities, including Florence, Cortona, Livorno and Naples, before travelling via Paris and Holland to London, where he intended to establish an academy of art. There he renewed a friendship with Frederik Ludwig Norden (1708–42), for whose Voyage d’Egypte et de Nubie (Copenhagen, 1755) he executed copper engravings.
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