(b Colmar, c. 1435–50; d Breisach, 2 Feb 1491). Painter and engraver. A leading figure in the art of the late Middle Ages north of the Alps, he acquired during his own lifetime an influence that went far beyond the limits of the Rhine Valley. He revitalized German painting through a clever assimilation of Netherlandish art and a sense of local tradition and succeeded in combining precision and assurance of line with a strong sense of volume. From his painting of the Virgin of the Rose Bower (1473; Colmar, Dominican church), which unites refined draughtsmanship and monumentality, to his engravings, which are delicate yet convey a sense of solid form, he represents the splendid flowering of the Late Gothic style in the Upper Rhine.

Part of the Schongauer family

• Schongauer, Martin
  • Engraving, §II, 2(i): Northern Europe, c 1430–c 1500
  • Gerhaert, Nicolaus
  • Germany, §III, 2(i)(a): Painting and graphic arts: `International’ and Late Gothic
  • Germany, §III, 2(i)(b): Painting and graphic arts: `International’ and Late Gothic: Graphic arts
  • Prints, §II, 1(ix): Subject-matter, before c 1700: Ornamental
  • Prints, §IV, 1: Guilds
  • Schongauer
  • attributions
    • Masters, anonymous, and monogrammists, §I: Master of the Stauffenberg Altar
    • Weckmann, Niklaus
  • engravings
    • Censer
    • Eyck, van: (2) Jan van Eyck, §5: Critical reception and posthumous reputation
    • Germany, §VI, 1: Furniture, before 1510
    • Reproduction of works of art, §2(i): 15th–17th centuries
    • Schongauer: (1) Martin Schongauer, §1(ii): Engravings and drawings
  • paintings
    • Colmar, St Martin
    • Schongauer: (1) Martin Schongauer, §1(i)(b): Paintings: Orlier Altarpiece, c 1465–70
    • Schongauer: (1) Martin Schongauer, §1(i)(c): Paintings: Mature works, 1473–91
  • patrons and collectors
    • Damery
    • Howard, Hugh
  • prints
    • Devotional prints, §2: Late 15th century and after
    • Prints, §II, 1(i): Subject-matter, before c 1700: Devotional, religious and moralizing
  • pupils
    • Burgkmair: (2) Hans Burgkmair I, §1: Early works, before 1508
    • Dürer: (1) Albrecht Dürer, §V: Critical reception and posthumous reputation
  • reproductive prints by others
    • Masters, anonymous, and monogrammists, §III: Master ?
    • Masters, anonymous, and monogrammists, §III: Master B. G.
    • Masters, anonymous, and monogrammists, §III: Master IAM of Zwolle