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Ryozen
( fl 1320s). Japanese painter. He was probably a native of Kyushu; this is suggested by seals and inscriptions, such as the one on Nehanzu (‘Nirvana scene’; Honkakuji, Fukui Prefect.), which reads ‘painted by Ryozen from west of the sea in the second month of the third year of Karyaku (1328)’. Inscriptions by Kenpo Shidon, the Abbot of Tofukuji in Kyoto, on Hakui Kannonzu (‘White-robed Kannon’; Skt Avalokiteshvara; Myokoji, Aichi Prefect.) and on Monju Riding a Lion (Osaka, Masaki A. Mus.), suggest that he served Kenpo Shidon and was affiliated with Tofukuji. His technique was based on that of Chinese Song- (960–1279) and Yuan-period (1279–1368) painting. Many of his extant works, including images of Kannon and figures from Buddhist and Daoist lore, were painted in his later years. During the Edo period (1600–1868) Ryozen was associated with a painter called Kao Ryozen, but contemporary scholarship has shown that this name refers to the Zen monk–painter KAO SONEN, who practised ink painting as a religious avocation.
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