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Moneo (Vellés), (José) Rafael
(b Tudela, Navarre, 9 May 1937). Spanish architect, teacher and theorist. His architectural studies at the Escuela Técnica Superior de Architectura in Madrid were complemented by an apprenticeship under Francisco Javier Sáënz de Oíza and Jørn Utzon and a place at the Accademia di Spagna in Rome. In his early career Moneo was connected with the Nueva Forma group and influenced by Expressionist and organic architecture, for example in his project (1961) for the Centro de Restauraciones, Madrid (in collaboration with Fernando Higueras), or the Fábrica Diestre (1964–7), Saragossa, more like Alvar Aalto’s work in its alignments. The Edificio Urumea (1968), San Sebastian, however, is an early example of the contextual integration that became one of the overriding concerns of Moneo’s later architecture. The Edificio Bankinter (1972–7), Madrid, with its explicit rejection of the Functionalism of the new office tower-blocks on the Paseo de la Castellana, its dialogue with an earlier urban architecture and its eclectic references and complex geometry, opened a new phase in Moneo’s work, and the style was reaffirmed in the Ayuntamiento (1973–81) in Longroño. The Museo Nacional de Arte Romano (1980–85) in Mérida owes its conceptual message and formal motif to an evocation of Roman architecture; it is superimposed on the site’s still existing archaeological remains (see MUSEUM, §II). In 1991 Moneo won the competition to design a new museum of modern art in Stockholm and the Lido Cinema Palace in Venice; other recent works included: the Pilar and Joán Foundation (1987–93) in Palma de Mallorca, Spain; the Davis Museum (1989–93) at Wellesley College, MA, and the Diagonal Block (1986–93) in Barcelona. He was also active as a teacher in Barcelona and Madrid, at the Cooper Union in New York and as dean of the Graduate School of Design at Harvard.
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