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Meckenem.

German or Netherlandish family of engravers and goldsmiths. They are thought to have originated in Meckenheim near Bonn, but (1) Israhel van Meckenem (i) is associated mainly with Bocholt in Westphalia, where (2) Israhel van Meckenem (ii), presumed to be his son, was active as an engraver. The two artists used an identical housemark or hallmark (a caltrop with a small horizontal cross-stroke) on their engravings, which are similar in style and technique. Israhel van Meckenem (ii) made several copies of works by Israhel van Meckenem (i) and by the so-called Master of the Berlin Passion, with whom Israhel the elder has been identified.

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  Reproduced by kind permission of Macmillan Publishers Limited, publishers of The Grove Dictionary of Art.
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