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Lino, Raul
(b Lisbon, 21 Nov 1879; d Lisbon, 13 July 1974). Portuguese architect, graphic artist and writer. He was educated in England and then studied architecture (1893–7) at the Technische Hochschule, Hannover, under Albrecht Haupt. His grounding in Anglo-Saxon and German culture was unusual among Portuguese artists of the time, who tended to be orientated towards French influences, and it directed him to a search for the deeper and more spiritual roots of Portuguese architecture. From 1898 to 1901 he spent time travelling and drawing in southern Portugal and Morocco, observing the persistence of local traditions in Mozarabic and Islamic architectural forms and spatial planning. Some of these he later adopted in his designs for domestic buildings, particularly the use of the patio as a nucleus for rooms and the use of decorative elements (such as bricks, tiles and whitewash). He thus participated in the nationalist Casa Portuguesa style, but he also sought to modernize this tradition, integrating it with the innovative European currents of Art Nouveau; such houses as the Casa Roque Gameiro (1898), Venteira, Amadora, with Islamic turrets, Casa Monsalvat (1901) and Casa Silva Gomes (1902), both at Monte Estoril, together constitute the most significant contribution to this approach, with their innovative plans and treatment of mass. In his own house (1912) at Cipreste, S Pedro de Sintra, Lino exploited the dramatic site at an old stone quarry in a romantic way, creating an inimitable building in which a curved corridor leads from a cloistered patio to an atrium decorated with Art Nouveau azulejos (glazed tiles), with views across the landscape towards the 16th-century Palácio Nacional and Palácio de Pena in the mountains beyond. Lino’s city buildings, all in Lisbon, are less innovative: they include a house (1906; destr., see 1970 exh. cat., p. 175) in Avenida Fontes Pereira de Melo; Casa Elisa Vaz (1912; destr., see 1970 exh. cat., p. 167), Avenida da República; the neo-classical Tivoli Cinema (1924), Avenida da Liberdade; and Casa António Sérgio (1925; rebuilt), Travessa do Moinho de Vento.
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