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Lancret, Nicolas
(b Paris, 22 Jan 1690; d Paris, 14 Sept 1743). French painter, draughtsman and collector. He was one of the most prolific and imaginative genre painters of the first half of the 18th century in France, and, although after his death he was long regarded as a follower and imitator of Antoine Watteau, his work is markedly personal and often innovative. He began training as an engraver but soon apprenticed himself to Pierre Dulin (1669–1748), a moderately successful history painter; by 1708 he had enrolled as a student at the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture, Paris. At an unknown date he entered the workshop of the genre and decorative painter Claude Gillot, who had been Watteau’s master. This move signalled an important change of direction away from the history painting pursued by his friend François Lemoyne. Two contemporary biographers, Ballot de Sovot and Dézallier D’Argenville, suggest that Lancret’s move to Gillot was the result of the increasing popularity of Watteau’s genre scenes of elegant figures in garden settings. Although he never studied formally under Watteau—whom he probably met around 1712—Lancret was strongly influenced by his work, particularly in his early paintings. In 1719 he was received (reçu) into the Académie Royale as a painter of fêtes galantes, a category that had been created two years earlier especially for Watteau. Lancret’s morceau de réception—Conversation galante (original or version, London, Wallace)—depicts a garden scene peopled by figures dressed in commedia dell’arte costume.
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- Lancret, Nicolas
- France, §III, 4(i): Painting & graphic arts, c 1715–c 1814: Rise of the Rococo
- Paris, §III, 3: Art life and organization, 1715–88
- patrons and collectors
- Aumale, Henri-Eugène-Philippe-Louis de Bourbon, Duc d'
- Beringhen, Jacques-Louis, Marquis de Château-Neuf
- Beurdeley, (Emmanuel-)Alfred (1847-1919)
- Frederick II, King of Prussia (reg 1740-86)
- Péreire (family)
- Périer, Casimir
- Ramsay, John
- Rothschild (family)
- Tessin, Carl Gustav, Count
- Verrue, Jeanne-Baptiste d'Albert de Luynes, Comtesse de
- pupils
- reproductive prints by others
- teachers
- works
- Aubusson, §1: Tapestry
- Denmark, §III, 2: Painting and graphic arts, c 1540–1840
- Fête champêtre
- Fête champêtre, §3: 18th century
- Frame, §III, 6: France: Rococo
- Genre, §5(ii): The 18th century: France
- Hôtel particulier, §2: Interior decoration
- Pater, Jean-Baptiste
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