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Helmbreker [Elembrech; Helmbreecker], Dirck [Teodoro; Theodoor; Theodor]
(b Haarlem, 1633; d Rome, early summer 1696). Dutch painter and draughtsman, active in Italy. He studied with the figure painter Pieter de Grebber in Haarlem in the late 1640s. He enrolled in the Guild of St Luke there in 1652, but the following year he left the Netherlands for Italy in the company of Cornelis Bega, Guillam Dubois (c. 1610–80) and Vincent Laurentsz. van der Vinne. He travelled by way of Venice and by 1654 was in Rome, where in 1659 he settled. Filippo Baldinucci wrote a comprehensive biography of Helmbreker in 1694, based on information from the cleric and collector Francesco Marucelli, who owned 21 works by Helmbreker. Through Marucelli it is known that the Dutch painter was greatly esteemed in Italy and that the most famous collectors in Florence and Rome (Marucelli, Folco Rinuccini, Pierantonio Gerini (1650–1707), Cardinal Flavio Chigi, Count Angiolosa and the Colonna family) fought over his works, which were sold at that time for large sums of money.
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