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Gel’freykh, Vladimir (Georgiyevich)
(b St Petersburg, 24 March 1885; d Moscow, 7 Aug 1967). Russian architect. He studied from 1906 to 1914 at the Academy of Arts, St Petersburg, under Leonty Benois. In 1911, while still a student, he began to work with Vladimir Shchuko, who introduced him to the World of Art circle, and to their ideas of revival of the artistic traditions of the past. In the post-revolutionary years he worked exclusively with Shchuko. Their early works include: the neo-classical propylaea and extension (1922–3) to the Smol’ny, Petrograd (now St Petersburg); the light wooden pavilions (destr.; see M. Y. Ginsburg: Stil’ i epokha [Style and epoch] (Moscow, 1924), table vi) of the foreign section of the All Russian Agricultural Exhibition (1923), Moscow, using a dynamic asymmetry that was close to the compositions of De Stijl; and the dynamic monument to Lenin (1925–6) with S. A. Yevseyev (1882–1959) near the Finland Station in Leningrad (now St Petersburg). Their largest projects of the 1930s were the Constructivist style theatre (1930–35), Rostov-on-Don (see RUSSIA, fig. 14), and the State Lenin Library (1928–37; now the Russian State Library), Moscow, in which the free asymmetry of the spatial composition is attended by strict vertical rhythms derived from 20th-century neo-classicism. They took part in the third and fourth stages of the competition for the Palace of Soviets, Moscow, and worked on the final project (1933–8; with Boris Iofan; unexecuted); Gel’freykh continued to work on the design after Shchuko’s death in 1939.
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