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Garbieri, Lorenzo
(b Bologna, 1580; d Bologna, 1654). Italian painter. He was a follower of Ludovico Carracci, creating a more rigid yet at times powerfully expressionist style in response to the master’s emotionalism. His closeness to his teacher can be seen in the early fresco, Lamentation (1600–02; Bologna, oratory of S Colombano), and in the Flagellation that forms part of the Mysteries of the Rosary (Bologna, S Domenico) traditionally attributed to Ludovico himself. Later Garbieri painted the Stoning of St Stephen (Bologna, Pin. N.), the scenes from the Life of Jacob (1606–14; Bologna, S Maria della Pietà) and the scenes from the Life of St Carlo Borromeo (1611; Bologna, S Paolo Maggiore), in which Ludovico’s classicism is transformed into a stiffer academicism. The harsh, austere style of these works, which include striking nocturnal scenes, movingly evokes the world of the poor; they were perhaps indebted to the painter’s contacts with Caravaggio, both through his awareness of Lionello Spada and through direct knowledge of Caravaggio’s Incredulity of St Thomas (untraced), which was then in the Lambertini house in Bologna and which Garbieri copied. With his nocturnal scenes of the Deposition and the Entombment (Milan, S Antonio Abate), painted after a visit to Loreto in 1609, he created deeply moving works of true expressive power, which are among the finest Emilian paintings of that period. His style softened in his later years, as in the Healing of the Blind Man (Rome, Gal. Pallavicini). His bright clear light is reminiscent of Giovanni Lanfranco and Sisto Badalocchio’s reinterpretation of Correggio’s style, as, for example, in the Adoration of the Shepherds (Imola, S Stefano), and in the scenes from the Life of the Virgin (1613–14; Modena, S Bartolomeo). But later, in the scenes from the Life of St Felicity (1613–26; Mantua, S Maurizio) and in the Circe (Bologna, Pin. N.), his tense, rhetorical style brings new dramatic power to the stylistic inheritance of Ludovico Carracci.
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