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Fahlström, Öyvind
(b São Paulo, 28 Dec 1928; d Stockholm, 8 Nov 1976). Swedish painter. Following a childhood spent in Brazil, he moved to Sweden in 1939. He studied archaeology and the history of art, specializing in pre-Columbian manuscripts, and he showed an interest in the theatre. In the early 1950s he worked as a journalist, wrote plays and poems and in 1952 began to paint his first composite pictures. In 1953 Fahlström published a manifesto, Hipy Papy Bthuthdth Thuthda Bthuthdy: Manifesto for Concrete Poetry (Stockholm), which manipulates language irrespective of the meanings of words. He saw an unexploited wealth, both sensual and intellectual, in its phonetic materials and in the distortions that occur when letters are transposed. In the following years he worked mainly on a large painting entitled Ade-Ledic-Nander II (oil, 1955–7; Stockholm, Mod. Mus.; see SWEDEN, fig. 11), where little hieroglyphic signs are arranged in major, antagonistic groups. Next, he appropriated images from such comic strips as Krazy Kat (for illustration see COMIC-STRIP ART) and Mad, successively shattering and recycling the figures so as to render them almost unrecognizable. The absurdity of events and absence of any moral sense in Krazy Kat held a particular appeal. Fahlström used language as basic material and unexpected angles of vision to reveal hitherto hidden contexts.
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