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	Canova, Antonio (b Possagno, nr Treviso, 1 Nov 1757; d Venice, 13 Oct 1822). Italian sculptor, painter, draughtsman and architect. He was the most innovative and widely acclaimed sculptor of NEO-CLASSICISM. His development during the 1780s of a new style of revolutionary severity and idealistic purity led many of his contemporaries to prefer his ideal sculptures to such previously universally admired Antique statues as the Medici Venus and the Farnese Hercules, thus greatly increasing the prestige of ‘modern’ sculpture. He was also much in demand as a portrait sculptor, often combining a classicizing format with a naturalistic presentation of features.
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	Canova, Antonio Antiquaries and antiquarian societies, §3: 18th and 19th centuries Belli, Pasquale Benvenuti, Pietro Consalvi, Ercole Display of art, §I, 4: Artificial lighting Display of art, §III, 3(i)(c): Sculpture, after c 1700 Hogan, John Italy, §IV, 5: Neo-classical to early modernist sculpture, c 1750–c 1900 Italy, §XIII, 2: Collecting and dealing: 18th–20th centuries Pradier, James Rome, §VI: Accademia di S Luca Treviso assistants Demut-Malinovsky, Vasily Hayez, Francesco, §1: Training and early work: Venice, Rome, Naples and Padua, to 1822 Ingres, Jean-Auguste-Dominique, §I, 3: Italy, 1811–15 Tadolini: (1) Adamo Tadolini attributions Aguiar, João José de collaboration Göthe, Erik Gustav Poletti, Luigi Stern: (2) Raffaele Stern dealing Beaumont, George Tarnowski groups and movements Neo-classicism, §1: Archaeology and the rise of historicism Neo-classicism, §5: The late phase Romanticism, §3(iv): Manifestations in art: Sculpture Rome, §III, 6(i): Art life and organization: 1701–1800: Artistic environment Rome, §III, 7: Art life and organization, 1801–1900 methods Modello, §II: Sculpted patrons and collectors Alexander I, Emperor of Russia (reg 1801-25) Romanov: (5) Alexander I, Emperor of Russia Blundell, Henry Blundell, Henry Bonaparte, Pauline, Princess Borghese Bonaparte: (7) Pauline Bossi, Giuseppe Bossi, Giuseppe Campbell, John (1857-1942) Campbell, John, 1st Baron Cawdor Cavendish, William Spencer, 6th Duke of Devonshire (1790-1858) Cavendish: (5) William Spencer Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire Demidov, Anatoly, Prince Demidov: (1) Anatoly Demidov Elisa, Grand Duchess of Tuscany (reg 1809-14) Bonaparte: (5) Elisa Esterházy, Miklós II, Prince (1765-1833) Esterházy, §I: (4) Miklós Esterházy II Farsetti, Filippo Farsetti, Filippo Fesch, Joseph, Cardinal Fesch, Joseph Fries, Moritz, Graf von Fries, Moritz Hervey, Frederick Augustus, 4th Earl of Bristol Hervey: (1) Frederick Augustus Hervey Hope, Thomas Hope: (1) Thomas Hope Joachim Murat, King of Naples (reg 1808-15) Murat, Joachim Josephine, Empress of the French (1763-1814) Bonaparte: (2) Josephine Ludwig I, King of Bavaria (reg 1825-48) Germany, §XIV, 2: Museums: Growth and evolution, up to the mid-20th century Napoleon I, Emperor of the French (reg 1804-14) Bonaparte: (1) Napoleon I, §1: Aims and institutions Bonaparte: (1) Napoleon I, §3: Sculpture France, §IV, 4: Sculpture, c 1700–c 1814 Pisani, Pietro Vettor Pisani Pius VI, Pope (reg 1775-80) Pius VI, Pope Rezzonico (family) Rezzonico Russell, John, 6th Duke of Bedford England, §XIII, 2(i): Trends in collecting, 1700–1840 Russell: (4) John Russell, 6th Duke of Bedford Simonetti, Michelangelo Simonetti, Michelangelo Sommariva, Giovanni Battista Sommariva, Giovanni Battista Stanislav II Poniatowski, King of Poland (reg 1764-95) Poniatowski: (1) Stanislaw II Augustus Poniatowski Torlonia (family) Torlonia Wellesley, Arthur, 1st Duke of Wellington Wellesley: (1) Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington Yusupov, Nikolay (Borisovich), Prince (1751-1831) Yusupov: (1) Nikolay Yusupov Zamoyski, Stanislaw Zamoyski: (2) Stanislaw Kostka Zamoyski pupils Campeny y Estrany, Damián Campeny y Estrany, Damián Eberhard, Konrad Eberhard, Konrad Gandolfi, Democrito Gandolfi Gibson, John (i) (1790-1866) Gibson, John (i) Marchesi, Pompeo Marchesi, Pompeo Salvatierra y Barriales, Valeriano Salvatierra y Barriales, Valeriano Wyatt, Richard James Wyatt: (7) Richard James Wyatt reproductive prints by others Reproduction of works of art, §2(ii): 18th century Reproduction of works of art, §2(iii): 19th century Séroux d’Agincourt, Jean-Baptiste sculpture Kauffman, Angelica Statue, §2(i): After c 1400: Private works of art USA, §IV, 1: Sculpture: The Colonial period to World War I funerary monuments Neo-classicism, §2: The search for a contemporary style monuments Florence, §IV, 4: Santa Croce Rome, §V, 14(ii)(b): St Peter’s: Decoration Sarcophagus, §III, 3: Renaissance and after mythological Erotic art, §I, 2(iii): Western world, c 1700–c 1900 Florence, §II, 3: Art life and organization, after c 1800 Mythological painting and sculpture, §5: Late Baroque and Neo-classicism, c 1700–c 1800 Nude, §3: Baroque, Rococo and Neo-classicism, 1600–1800 Venice, §II, 4(ii): Art life and organization, 1600–1797: Sculpture Vienna, §II, 3: Urban development, c 1800–1918 portraits Memmo, Andrea Poland, §IV, 5: Sculpture, after c 1775 relief Relief sculpture, §2(vii): Baroque to Modern Tomb, §VI, 4: Western world, after c 1780 tombs Austria, §IV, 4: Sculpture, c 1750–c 1900: Neo-classicism to Historicism Sousa Holstein: (1) Conde de Sanfré Weeper studio Studio, §II, 2(iii): History and development, c 1700–c 1800

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