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Angel, Philips (i)

(b Middelburg, bapt 14 Sept 1616; d after 22 Oct 1683). Dutch painter. His life and works were only brought to light comparatively recently. Bol convincingly distinguished him from his famous namesake from Leiden who was probably his cousin (see ANGEL, PHILIPS (ii)). Angel joined the Guild of St Luke in Haarlem in 1639 and was appointed its secretary in 1643. He later returned to Middelburg, where he worked from 1662 to 1683. At present some 30 paintings are attributed to him, some with dates between 1642 and 1664 or 1668 (Segal). His works are divided into three main groups: barn interiors with emphasis on the still-life element; still-lifes with food, dishes and kitchen-objects sometimes known as ontbijtjes (Dut.: breakfast-pieces); and still-lifes with dead fowl. The former two groups bear close resemblance to the works of François Rijkhals (1600–47), who may have been Angel’s teacher in Middelburg. As regards his modest breakfast-pieces, however, the influence of the still-lifes of Haarlem painters such as Floris van Dyck can also be detected in his tendency to build compositions from individually studied components and in the rendering of various details. Angel’s best works belong to the third category (e.g. Still-life with Dead Birds, Middelburg, Stadhuis) and are similar to the game-pieces popularized in Flanders by Jan Fyt. In these works, and in his rare pictures of living fowl, Angel demonstrated his talent for painting fur and feathers.

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  Reproduced by kind permission of Macmillan Publishers Limited, publishers of The Grove Dictionary of Art.
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