Vénus de Milo aux tiroirs is perhaps Dalí's most iconic sculpture. In the early 1940s Dalí's artistic style shifted from Surrealism to a more traditional approach based on Classical and Renaissance art. As he famously stated, "to be a Surrealist forever is like spending your life painting nothing but eyes and noses." Whereas Dalí's previous works had been based on his interest in dreams and the subconscious, he now began to draw inspiration from historical and religious sources, appropriating traditional motifs and creating a daring and innovative visual vocabulary.

Obsessed with the image of the Venus de Milo, which he had viewed in the Louvre, Dalí reinterprets this classic image with a familiar passion for visual experiment and in doing so has created one of his most famous and recognizable motifs. Dalí has imbued the serene and sensuously feminine Venus with a new sense of character and presence, interrupting the smooth and diaphanous drapery with cube-like drawers set into the shape of her torso.

Two versions of this subject were executed in plaster, including the model for the present work. Dalí intended to include the bronze versions in his important 1964 retrospective in Tokyo at the Seibu Museum, but there was not enough time to cast them and only the plasters were exhibited. It was not until 1981 that the artist again attempted to cast the present work in bronze, but his frail health again delayed the process and they were eventually cast in 1988.